Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures

IMPACT RESPONSES OF SLENDER COMPOSITE PLATES FOR BIRD-STRIKE TESTING OF FAN BLADES

2019-10-31T07:36:48+00:00

BIRD-STRIKE FAILURE OF FAN BLADES IS ONE OF THE BASIC CHALLENGES FOR THE SAFETY OF AIRCRAFT ENGINES. SIMPLIFIED SLENDER BLADE-LIKE PLATES ARE ALWAYS USED TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT-INDUCED DAMAGE MECHANISM AT DESIGN STAGE. ONE UNDESIRABLE ISSUE IS THE FAILURE AT THE ROOT OF CLAMPED SLENDER PLATES, WHICH CANNOT RECOVER THE REAL CASE OF TWISTED BLADES. FOR THIS PURPOSE, THREE DIFFERENT STRATEGIES WERE EXPLOITED TO OBTAIN DESIRABLE DEFORMATION AND STRESS RESPONSES, NAMELY THE IMPACT LOCATION, ADDITIONAL WEIGHT, AND THE BOUNDARY CONDITION. NUMERICAL MODELS OF THE SIMPLIFIED SLENDER BLADE AND THE BIRD PROJECTILE WERE CONSTRUCTED BY USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (FEM) AND SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS (SPH) APPROACHES. THE IMPACT DEFORMATIONS AND STRESS DISTRIBUTIONS WERE COMPARATIVELY INVESTIGATED IN DETAIL. THE NUMERICAL RESULTS SHOW THAT CHANGING THE BOUNDARY CONDITION IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY TO OBTAIN PREFERABLE IMPACT RESPONSES FOR FURTHER FAILURE ANALYSIS OF REAL FAN BLADES. PRESENT RESULTS WILL BE USEFUL TO FUTURE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN OF SIMPLIFIED BIRD-STRIKE TESTING.

OBLIQUE PENETRATION OF TUNGSTEN ALLOY ROD TO FINITE-THICKNESS METAL PLATE

2019-10-31T07:39:10+00:00

IN ORDER TO STUDY THE CRITICAL RICOCHET VELOCITY AND CRITICAL PENETRATION VELOCITY OF TUNGSTEN ALLOY ROD OBLIQUELY PENETRATING A FINITE-THICKNESS METAL PLATE, EXPERIMENT AND NUMERICAL CALCULATION OF TUNGSTEN ALLOY ROD IMPACTING ON HOMOGENEOUS ARMOR STEEL PLATE WITH A THICKNESS OF 30MM AT AN ANGLE OF 60° WERE CARRIED OUT. COMPARED THE EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL RESULTS WITH THE RESULTS USING MODELS, IT IS FOUND THAT, THE RESULTS OF THE RICOCHET MODELS PROPOSED BY TATE, ROSENBERG AND STEVEN B FOR SEMI-INFINITE THICK PLATE ARE QUITE DIFFERENT FROM THOSE OF EXPERIMENT AND NUMERICAL CALCULATION, SO THEY CAN NOT BE APPLIED TO THE RICOCHET SITUATION OF FINITE-THICKNESS PLATE. THE CRITICAL PENETRATION VELOCITY MODEL PROPOSED BY DE MARRE AND ZHAO ARE IN GOOD AGREEMENT WITH THE NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS, WHICH CAN PREDICT CRITICAL PENETRATION VELOCITY OF TUNGSTEN ALLOY ROD OBLIQUELY PENETRATING A FINITE-THICKNESS METAL PLATE WITH LARGE IMPACT ANGLE. THE PENETRATION DEPTH OF THE PROJECTILE UNDER THE CRITICAL RICOCHET VELOCITY IS ABOUT 1/3 OF THE THICKNESS OF THE TARGET PLATE, AND THE ANGLE BETWEEN THE EJECTION TRAJECTORY OF THE FRAGMENTS PRODUCED BY PROJECTILE AND TARGET PLATE AND PROJECTILE PENETRATION TRAJECTORY IS EXACTLY 90° IN THE FIRST PENETRATION STAGE.

INTERFACIAL BOND-SLIP RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CARBON FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER PLATE AND CONCRETE AFTER HIGH TEMPERATURE OF ASPHALT PAVING CONSTRUCTION

2019-11-01T20:08:29+00:00

THE BOND-SLIP RELATIONSHIP OF CFRP PLATE-CONCRETE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ACTION OF STONE MASTIC ASPHALT (SMA) PAVING WAS INVESTIGATED IN THIS ARTICLE. TWO GROUPS OF DOUBLE SHEAR SPECIMENS WITH DIFFERENT BONDING LENGTH WERE DESIGNED AND TESTED. BASED ON THE TEST RESULTS, THE FAILURE MODES OF SPECIMENS, THE STRAIN DISTRIBUTION AND THE SHEAR STRESS OF CFRP-CONCRETE INTERFACE WERE ANALYZED. CONSIDERING THE INFLUENCE OF HIGH TEMPERATURE, THE INTERFACIAL BOND-SLIP CONSTITUTIVE MODEL OF CFRP PLATE AND CONCRETE AFTER HIGH TEMPERATURE ACTION OF SMA PAVING WAS PROPOSED. THE PROPOSED MODEL CAN REFLECT THE NONLINEARITY AND INTERFACE SOFTENING BEHAVIOUR OF THE CFRP PLATE-CONCRETE INTERFACE CONSTITUTIVE RELATIONSHIP UNDER SPECIAL ENVIRONMENT. THROUGH THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXIXTING CONSTITUTIVE MODELS, THE INTERFACE BOND-SLIP CONSTITUTIVE MODEL PROPOSED IN THIS PAPER CONSIDERS THE EFFECT OF HIGH TEMPERATURE AND HAS GOOD AGREEMENT WITH THE TEST RESULTS.

GROUND MOTIONS FOR FEMA P-695 APPLICATION IN SUBDUCTION ZONES

2019-11-07T19:43:03+00:00

THE FEMA P-695 REPORT PRESENTS A METHODOLOGY FOR THE RATIONAL QUANTIFICATION OF SEISMIC PERFORMANCE FACTORS FOR USE IN SEISMIC DESIGN. DESPITE THE FACT THAT THE METHODOLOGY IS COMPREHENSIVE AND COVERS A WIDE RANGE OF POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS, IT ONLY PROVIDES GROUND MOTION SETS RECORDED FROM SHALLOW CRUSTAL EARTHQUAKES. HENCE, THIS PAPER PRESENTS A NEW SET OF GROUND MOTIONS AIMED AT EXTENDING THE SCOPE OF THE FEMA P-695 METHODOLOGY TO ZONES PRONE TO SUBDUCTION EARTHQUAKES. TO CONSIDER THE EFFECT OF SPECTRAL SHAPES ON COLLAPSE CAPACITIES, THE SPECTRAL SHAPE FACTORS SSF WERE COMPUTED. FOUR LIGHT-FRAME BUILDINGS WERE ANALYZED TO STUDY THE IMPACT OF USING THE NEW SUBDUCTION GROUND MOTION SET. RESULTS SHOWED A DECREASE IN COLLAPSE CAPACITIES OF 12.4%, AN INCREASE IN PEAK FLOOR ACCELERATIONS OF 31.7%, AND AN INCREASE IN THE DISSIPATED HYSTERETIC ENERGY OF 15.7%. ADDITIONALLY, THE NUMBER OF GROUND MOTIONS AND THE INTENSITY LEVELS OF THE SET PROVED TO BE ROBUST ENOUGH TO PROVIDE THE SAME RELIABILITY THAT CAN BE OBTAINED WHEN EMPLOYING A MUCH LARGER GROUND MOTION SET. THE GROUND MOTIONS AND THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THIS PAPER HAVE BEEN DESIGNED TO BE FULLY CONSISTENT WITH THE FEMA P-695 GUIDELINES. HOWEVER, THEIR APPLICATION CAN BE EXTENDED TO OTHER ANALYSES THAT EVALUATE THE SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS IN SUBDUCTION AREAS. A DATABASE THAT INCLUDES THE PROPOSED GROUND MOTION SET IS AVAILABLE ONLINE.

BOND STRENGTH EVALUATION BETWEEN TEXTILES REINFORCED MORTAR WITH CARBON NANOTUBES AND CONCRETE SUBSTRATE

2019-11-07T19:49:45+00:00

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

NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF A MICROMECHANICS-BASED VISCOELASTIC MODEL FOR GEOMATERIALS WITH ISOTROPICALLY DISTRIBUTED MICRO-FRACTURES

2019-11-14T14:50:25+00:00

THE CONSTITUTIVE BEHAVIOR OF GEOMATERIALS IS GENERALLY AFFECTED BY THE PRESENCE AT DIFFERENT SCALES OF DISCONTINUITY SURFACES WITH DIFFERENT SIZES AND ORIENTATIONS. ACCORDING TO THEIR MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR, SUCH DISCONTINUITIES CAN BE DISTINGUISHED AS CRACKS OR FRACTURES. FRACTURES ARE INTERFACES THAT CAN TRANSFER NORMAL AND TANGENTIAL STRESSES, WHEREAS CRACKS ARE DISCONTINUITIES WITHOUT STRESS TRANSFER. REGARDING THE FORMULATION OF THE BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS WITH ISOTROPIC DISTRIBUTION OF MICRO-CRACKS OR FRACTURES, PREVIOUS WORKS HAD ESSENTIALLY FOCUSED ON THEIR INSTANTANEOUS RESPONSE INDUCED BY STRUCTURAL LOADING. FEW RESEARCH WORKS HAVE ADDRESSED TIME-DEPENDENT (DELAYED) BEHAVIOR OF SUCH MATERIALS. THE PRESENT CONTRIBUTION DESCRIBES THE FORMULATION AND COMPUTATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION OF A MICROMECHANICS-BASED MODELING FOR VISCOELASTIC MEDIA WITH AN ISOTROPIC DISTRIBUTION OF MICRO-FRACTURES. THE HOMOGENIZED VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES ARE ASSESSED BY IMPLEMENTING A REASONING BASED ON LINEAR HOMOGENIZATION SCHEMES (MORI-TANAKA) TOGETHER WITH THE CORRESPONDENCE PRINCIPLE FOR NON-AGING VISCOELASTIC MATERIALS. IT IS SHOWN THAT THE HOMOGENIZED VISCOELASTIC BEHAVIOR CAN BE DESCRIBED BY MEANS OF A GENERALIZED MAXWELL RHEOLOGICAL MODEL. THE COMPUTATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION IS DEVELOPED WITHIN THE FINITE ELEMENT FRAMEWORK TO ANALYZE THE DELAYED BEHAVIOR OF GEOMATERIALS WITH THE PRESENCE OF ISOTROPICALLY DISTRIBUTED MICRO-FRACTURES UNDER PLANE STRAIN CONDITIONS. SEVERAL EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS ARE PRESENTED WITH THE AIM TO ILLUSTRATE THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FINITE ELEMENT MODELING. THE ASSESSMENT OF THE APPROACH ACCURACY AND THE CORRESPONDING CODE VERIFICATION ARE PERFORMED BY COMPARING THE NUMERICAL PREDICTIONS WITH ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR SIMPLE AND COMPLEX GEO-STRUCTURES.

LARGE DISPLACEMENT STATIC ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE ELLIPTIC PANELS OF REVOLUTION HAVING VARIABLE THICKNESS AND RESTING ON WINKLER-PASTERNAK ELASTIC FOUNDATION

2019-11-20T17:36:33+00:00

NONLINEAR STATIC RESPONSE OF LAMINATED COMPOSITE ELLIPTIC PANELS OF REVOLUTION STRUCTURE(S) (EPRS) HAVING VARIABLE THICKNESS RESTING ON WINKLER-PASTERNAK (W-P) ELASTIC FOUNDATION IS INVESTIGATED IN THIS ARTICLE. GENERALIZED DIFFERENTIAL QUADRATURE (GDQ) METHOD IS UTILIZED TO OBTAIN THE NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF EPRS. THE FIRST-ORDER SHEAR DEFORMATION THEORY (FSDT) IS EMPLOYED TO CONSIDER THE TRANSVERSE SHEAR EFFECTS IN STATIC ANALYSES. TO DETERMINE THE VARIABLE THICKNESS, THREE TYPES OF THICKNESS PROFILES NAMELY COSINE, SINE AND LINEAR FUNCTIONS ARE USED. EQUILIBRIUM EQUATIONS ARE DERIVED VIA VIRTUAL WORK PRINCIPLE USING GREEN-LAGRANGE NONLINEAR STRAIN-DISPLACEMENT RELATIONSHIPS. THE DEEPNESS TERMS ARE CONSIDERED IN GREEN-LAGRANGE STRAIN-DISPLACEMENT RELATIONSHIPS. THE DIFFERENTIAL QUADRATURE RULE IS EMPLOYED TO CALCULATE THE PARTIAL DERIVATIVES IN EQUILIBRIUM EQUATIONS. NONLINEAR STATIC EQUILIBRIUM EQUATIONS ARE SOLVED USING NEWTON-RAPHSON METHOD. COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR EPRS ARE DEVELOPED TO IMPLEMENT THE GDQ METHOD IN THE SOLUTION OF EQUILIBRIUM EQUATIONS. ACCURACY OF THE PROPOSED METHOD IS VERIFIED BY COMPARING THE RESULTS WITH FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (FEM) SOLUTIONS. AFTER VALIDATION, SEVERAL CASES ARE CARRIED OUT TO EXAMINE THE EFFECT OF ELASTIC FOUNDATION PARAMETERS, THICKNESS VARIATION FACTOR, THICKNESS FUNCTIONS, BOUNDARY CONDITIONS AND GEOMETRIC CHARACTERISTIC PARAMETER OF EPRS ON THE GEOMETRICALLY NONLINEAR BEHAVIOR OF LAMINATED COMPOSITE EPRS.